光伏发电在工业园区供电的应用实践
光伏发电在工业园区供电的应用实践
在全球能源结构转型和“双碳”目标的推动下，光伏发电在工业园区供电中的应用实践日益广泛。工业园区作为能源消耗的重要领域，引入光伏发电技术不仅有助于降低能源成本，还能实现节能减排，推动绿色可持续发展。
应用模式
光伏发电在工业园区供电中的应用模式多样，主要包括自发自用、余电上网模式，全额上网模式，以及分布式与集中式相结合模式等。自发自用、余电上网模式是指工业园区内的光伏发电系统所发电力首先满足园区自身用电需求，剩余电量则接入电网卖给供电公司。这种模式充分利用了工业园区的屋顶、空地等资源，实现了能源的就地消纳和余电的有效利用。全额上网模式则适合于光伏发电资源丰富但自身用电需求较小的工业园区，通过将光伏发电系统所发电力全部接入电网，实现资源的最优配置。分布式与集中式相结合模式则结合了前两者的优点，既能充分利用厂房屋顶等分散资源，又能利用园区内或周边的大面积空地，提高了光伏发电的总量。
实践案例
以巴中临港产业园为例，该园区成功并网了8.33MWp屋顶分布式光伏项目，成为川东北地区首个大型工商业屋顶分布式光伏项目。该项目通过屋顶光伏+智能逆变技术，形成“自发自用、余电上网”的运行模式。投运后，预计年均发电量可达737万度绿色电能，年均减少碳排放量6050吨，相当于植树32.1万棵，有效助力了园区向“近零碳”园区迈进。
优势与效益
光伏发电在工业园区供电中的应用具有显著的优势和效益。光伏发电是一种清洁、可再生的能源形式，有助于减少碳排放，改善区域生态环境。光伏发电系统可以充分利用工业园区的屋顶、空地等闲置资源，提高资源利用率。光伏发电还能有效降低工业园区的能源成本，提升经济效益。例如，通过自发自用、余电上网模式，工业园区可以大幅降低自身的用电成本，并通过余电上网获得额外的经济收益。
挑战与对策
尽管光伏发电在工业园区供电中的应用具有诸多优势，但也面临一些挑战。例如，厂房荷载问题、光伏组件发电效率受阴影遮挡影响等。针对这些问题，可以采取相应的对策。例如，在进行光伏发电项目设计时，应充分考虑厂房的荷载余量，必要时进行结构加固；通过优化光伏组件的排布和安装角度，减少阴影遮挡对发电效率的影响。
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